Perovskite catalytic membranes for water treatment: design, mechanisms, and future directions.

Abstract

Perovskite materials have been widely applied in various fields owing to their tunable structures, high catalytic efficiency, and stable properties. In recent years, studies have integrated perovskite catalysts with membrane separation processes, enabling simultaneous retention and in situ decomposition of pollutants. This review first summarizes the preparation methods of perovskite catalysts, with a focus on their structural characteristics, electronic modulation, and site engineering. Furthermore, it introduces their advantages for the removal of dyes, antibiotics, phenolic pollutants, and perfluorinated organic pollutants from aqueous systems. Subsequently, the main fabrication strategies for perovskite catalytic membranes (PCMs) are analysed, with emphasis on the synergistic mechanisms between catalytic units such as persulfate activation, photocatalysis, thermocatalysis, and piezocatalysis and membrane separation, as well as membrane confinement amplification effects. Finally, the key challenges in developing PCMs are identified and a novel concept of "flux-responsive catalytic membranes" was proposed, which provides a basis for further exploring the coupling between membrane transport and catalytic reactions for water treatment.

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